為什么阿什利·瓦格納花了十年時間才談論她的性侵犯

為什么阿什利·瓦格納花了十年時間才談論她的性侵犯

Figure skater Ashley Wagner, an Olympic bronze medalist and three-time national champion, tells her story of when she was sexually assaulted at 17.

花樣滑冰運動員阿什利瓦格納(Ashley Wagner)曾獲得奧運會銅牌，三次獲得全國冠軍，她講述了自己17歲時遭到性侵犯的故事。

That Ashley Wagner waited more than a decade to go public with allegations of her sexual assault is neither surprising nor unusual.

阿什利·瓦格納(Ashley Wagner)等了10多年才將性侵指控公之于眾，這既不令人意外，也不罕見。

In fact, that she’s going public at all makes her a rarity.

事實上，她的上市讓她成為一個稀有的人物。

Only about one in four survivors report being abused and, of those who do, delayed reporting is “definitely the norm,” said Scott Berkowitz, founder and president of RAINN, the nation’s largest anti-sexual violence organization. That is particularly true for teenagers, as Wagner was when she was assaulted.

美國最大的反性暴力組織RAINN的創始人兼總裁斯科特·伯科維茨(Scott Berkowitz)說，只有大約四分之一的幸存者報告受到虐待，而在那些受到虐待的人中，拖延報告“絕對是正?，F象”。對青少年來說尤其如此，就像瓦格納被侵犯時一樣。

According to a 2017 study by the National Women’s Law Center, just 1% of girls ages 14 to 18 reported being sexually harassed or assaulted to the police while 2% said they told their parents or a school administrator.

根據全國婦女法律中心2017年的一項研究，在14歲至18歲的女孩中，只有1%的人向警方報告受到性騷擾或性侵犯，2%的人說她們告訴了父母或學校管理人員。

“No matter how old you are or what the context is, it can be incredibly difficult to make a report of sexual assault,” said Emily Martin, the vice president for Education and Workplace Justice at the National Women’s Law Center.

美國國家婦女法律中心(National Women 's Law Center)負責教育和工作場所司法的副主任艾米麗·馬丁(Emily Martin)說，“無論你多大年紀，也無論你所處的環境如何，要對性侵犯做出報告都可能極其困難。”

“There’s a lot of misplaced shame in being the victim of a sexual assault, and I think that’s especially true if you’re very young,” Martin said. “(They’re) frightened and ashamed of telling people you have a sexual experience at all, setting aside the very real fear of being disbelieved.”

馬丁說:“成為性侵犯的受害者有很多錯位的羞恥感，我認為如果你很年輕，這種感覺尤其明顯。”“(他們)害怕和羞于告訴別人你有過性經歷，把被懷疑的真正恐懼放在一邊。”

The reasons for not disclosing are myriad, ranging from that fear of not being believed to not wanting to have to relive the assault to not wanting the assault to become their identity. There is also the fear of retaliation if the abuser is in a position of power or, as in Wagner’s case, a fear of being seen as “disrupting” the workplace or team and the resulting retribution.

不披露的原因有很多，從害怕不被相信，到不想再次遭受攻擊，再到不想讓攻擊成為他們的身份。還有一種擔心是，如果施虐者身居高位，會遭到報復;或者，就像瓦格納的情況一樣，害怕被視為“擾亂”了工作場所或團隊，從而招致報復。

And if it’s a teenager and the abuser is a friend or friends with all of his or her friends, the decision of whether to report is all the more fraught.

如果是一個青少年，而施虐者是他或她所有朋友的朋友，那么是否報案的決定就更加令人擔憂。

Wagner told USA TODAY Sports that she was 17 when pairs skater John Coughlin kissed and groped her without her consent in June 2008. Though Coughlin was five years older, the all-consuming demands of training and competition make the social circle of elite figure skaters – all elite athletes, really – inordinately small.

瓦格納在接受《今日美國體育》采訪時表示，2008年6月，在她17歲時，雙人滑冰選手約翰·庫格林未經她的同意親吻并撫摸了她。盡管考夫林比他大五歲，但訓練和比賽的巨大消耗使優秀花樣滑冰運動員的社交圈變得異常狹小——實際上，小得離譜。

“I didn’t know what would happen," Wagner said. "I was afraid that my federation would see me in a different light and this was right around the time that my career was just starting to take off so it was all really new and exciting and I didn’t want to jeopardize my position in this sport in any way.”

“我不知道會發生什么，”瓦格納說，“我擔心我的聯盟會從不同的角度看待我，這正是我的職業生涯剛剛起步的時候，所以這一切都是全新的和令人興奮的，我不想以任何方式危及我在這項運動中的地位。”

Said Berkowitz, speaking in general about teenagers victimized by someone in their social circle: “There’s extra complexity in speaking out there because there’s a fear you’re alienating your peer group by being the one who speaks out. Or you’re hurting someone who’s part of that group or who your friends care about.

伯克維茨在談到青少年被自己社交圈里的某個人傷害時說:“在社交圈里說出來會有額外的復雜性，因為你擔心自己會因為成為那個說出來的人而疏遠你的同齡人?；蛘吣銈α四硞€群體的成員或者你朋友關心的人。