中央編譯局近期連續發布了一批中央文獻重要術語權威英譯,最近發布的這些術語側重于抗日戰爭期間的重大事件、戰役、戰術、抗戰的主要力量,既充分反映了抗戰的歷史,也展示了中國共產黨在全民族團結抗戰中的中流砥柱作用。同時,他們還挑選了一些揭示日本侵略者滔天罪行的術語。這些術語主要來自習近平總書記相關講話,以及正在翻譯的《中國共產黨歷史》。
中國人民抗日戰爭(簡稱:抗日戰爭、抗戰)
the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance)
抗日民族統一戰線
Chinese united front against Japanese aggression
全面全民族抗戰
total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation
片面抗戰
partial resistance against Japanese aggression
全國抗戰
nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression
局部抗戰
regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression
正面戰場
center stage battlefield
敵后戰場
backstage battlefield
戰略防御/相持/反攻
strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive
世界反法西斯戰爭
the Global War against Fascism
國際反法西斯統一戰線
the international anti-fascist united front
戰爭策源地
hotbed of war
中國戰場
China theater
歐洲戰場
European theater
太平洋戰場
Pacific theater
東方主戰場
the main Eastern battlefield
【例】中國開辟了世界反法西斯戰爭的東方主戰場。
The main Eastern battlefield for the Global War against Fascism was developed in China.
無條件投降
unconditional surrender
中國人民抗日戰爭勝利紀念日
Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day)
事變
Incidents
九一八事變
September 18th Incident
七七事變(盧溝橋事變)
July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)
會戰、大戰
Battle/Campaign
淞滬會戰
Battle of Shanghai
平型關大捷
Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan
臺兒莊大捷
Battle of Tai'erzhuang; victory at Tai'erzhuang
武漢會戰
Battle of Wuhan
百團大戰
Hundred-Regiment Campaign
軍隊
Army
八路軍
Eighth Route Army
新四軍
New Fourth Army
東北抗日聯軍
Northeast United Resistance Army
華南人民抗日游擊隊
Southern China People's Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force
中國遠征軍
Chinese Expeditionary Force
戰術
Tactics
持久戰
protracted war
游擊戰
guerrilla warfare
運動戰
mobile warfare
地道戰
tunnel warfare
地雷戰
landmine warfare
地區
Base/Area
抗日根據地
resistance base
解放區
liberated area
游擊區
guerrilla area
敵占區(淪陷區)
enemy-occupied area; occupied area
日軍侵略政策
Aggression policies
“大東亞共榮圈”
“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”
“三光”政策
“Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)
“731部隊”(滿洲第731部隊)
“Unit 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria)
南京大屠殺
Nanjing Massacre
“慰安婦”
“comfort women”
細菌戰
germ warfare
化學戰
chemical warfare
“掃蕩”
“mopping-up” operation
“蠶食”
“gnawing-away” operation
“清鄉”
“pacification” operation